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INTRAUTERINE DEVICE (IUD)
IUDs are birth control methods that are placed inside the uterus. Both IUDs available in the United States are shaped like a "T" and made out of plastic. IUDs must be inserted by a health practitioner. IUDs prevent pregnancy by preventing fertilization. A copper IUD will effectively prevent pregnancy as soon as it is placed in the uterus. The hormonal IUD is effective within 2 to 3 days of placement.
Women can use the IUD if they:
- Have a normal uterus
- Do not currently have any genital tract infections or STDs
What is it like to have an IUD inserted?
It takes only a few minutes to insert the device. Your clinician will perform a pelvic exam to measure the size, shape, and position of your uterus. A cleaning solution is applied to the cervix and the IUD is placed inside using a special inserter. The woman may feel some cramping at the time of the insertion. However, it is usually mild to moderate and goes away soon. After the device is placed, the string on the end is cut short enough so it does not bother your partner.
Most women have little discomfort wearing the IUD, however it may take some time for your body to adjust. Using an over-the-counter drug such as ibuprofen or naproxen, is usually enough to relieve any discomfort.
Are there any side effects?
You may be at a slightly higher risk of infection during the first 3 weeks after the IUD is placed. You should call the clinic if you have a fever or chills with pelvic pain or tenderness after insertion. Perforation of the uterus is rare but possible during insertion. Increased cramping and bleeding with periods is common in the first few cycles after insertion. Call the clinic if you have unusual vaginal bleeding with the IUD in place. It is possible, although rare, that the IUD can be expelled from the uterus. Call the clinic if you or your partner can feel the plastic part of the device. Use latex condoms for back-up until your device is checked.
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What women can use the IUD?